Industrial relations are always a mixture of co-operation and conflict. However much co-operation may be sought as organizational objectives. Some conflict will always remain. There are at least 3 reasons for this.
1. Both the groups (labour and management) develop different orientations and perceptions of their interests. They also develop generally negative images about each other.
2. There are no mutually accepted yard sticks or norms to tell to the groups how far they should go in the pursuit of their objectives. In the absence of norms both groups claim complete rationality for their demands.
3. There is no neutral field for the groups to meet on. This means that whenever the two groups meet each other for negotiations they bring with he past besides their inherent. Distrust and suspicion for each other.
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